The Skills Gap between Higher Education Outputs and Labor Market Requirements in Libya: An Analytical Study in Light of Contemporary Field and Statistical Data

Abstract

This study aimed to diagnose and analyze the skills gap between higher education outcomes in Libya and the requirements of the local labor market. The study employed a descriptive analytical approach, combining secondary sources (data from the Libyan Labor Force Survey 2022) and primary sources (a questionnaire administered to a simple random sample of 60 university graduates).

The results revealed a high unemployment rate among youth aged (25-34 years) reaching 32.1%, with a sharp concentration of employment in the government sector at 81.6% (Libyan Bureau of Statistics and Census, 2022). The field analysis also revealed a significant gap in practical skills (mean = 2.37 out of 5) compared to cognitive skills (mean = 3.43 out of 5).

Statistical tests showed no statistically significant differences between genders (T = 0.32, p > 0.05), while differences were found in favor of doctoral degree holders (F = 4.82, p < 0.05). The results also demonstrated a strong positive correlation between practical skills and employment opportunities (r = 0.68, p < 0.01).

The study recommends the periodic updating of curricula, mandating field training hours for students, and establishing graduate tracking units in Libyan universities.