Social Media Usage Patterns and their Impact on Family Cohesion and Conflict

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of social networking sites (SNS), such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and WhatsApp, on the dynamics of family relationships within the contemporary family. It employs a mixed-methods approach, combining a quantitative survey to assess the relationship between usage patterns, time, and measures of family satisfaction/conflict, with in-depth qualitative interviews to analyze the experiences and perceptions of family members. The primary objective is to identify mediating factors (e.g., type of use, age, cultural values) that either deepen or mitigate positive and negative effects, and to propose practical recommendations for families and policymakers. The field study conducted in Bani Walid City revealed that SNS usage is a double-edged sword. Positive outcomes include strengthening communication among geographically distant members, enhancing emotional support, and facilitating shared knowledge. Conversely, excessive and unregulated use leads to a decline in direct family dialogue, an increased digital gap between generations, heightened marital conflicts (digital jealousy), and symptoms of digital addiction that reduce time for shared family activities. The study concludes that the type of use is the critical factor; usage directed toward family communication reinforces cohesion, whereas excessive recreational immersion leads to pronounced negative effects.