Advanced Laboratory Diagnostics and Data Visualization for Early Detection and Prognosis of Infectious Diseases
Keywords:
infectious diseases, laboratory diagnostics, PCR, CRISPR, immunoassay, data visualization, dashboards, early detection, prognosis, epidemiologyAbstract
Early detection and prognosis of infectious diseases greatly improve patient outcomes and control of epidemics. This paper reviews cutting-edge laboratory diagnostic technologies and data visualization tools that enhance early disease detection and tracking. It covers molecular tests (PCR, sequencing), immunological assays (ELISA, rapid tests), and novel methods like CRISPR-based diagnostics. We discuss how visual analytics (dashboards, GIS maps, graphs) help interpret lab data for clinicians and public health professionals. For example, real-time COVID-19 dashboards have guided policy by showing case trends. We illustrate tools with examples and publicly available data. A case study using open COVID-19 datasets demonstrates a combined PCR and CRISPR testing workflow with geospatial mapping. Finally, we examine challenges like cost, data integration, and data privacy. This integrated approach can reduce delays, support clinical decisions, and aid outbreak control.