Exploring AI in English Language Learning: EFL Students' Perceptions and the Gap Between Reality and Expectations at the University of Benghazi

Abstract

In today's digital age, the use of technology and artificial intelligence (AI) in English language learning has become inevitable. Recently, AI tools have rapidly grown and gained a lot of attention as effective solutions to the many challenges encountered in traditional language instruction. The main aim of this study is to investigate undergraduate EFL students’ perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) in English language learning at the Faculty of Languages, University of Benghazi. In addition, the current study aims to address the challenges and benefits students perceive with regard to the AI implementation in language learning, with a special focus on the gap between students’ expectations and actual experiences. To collect data, a quantitative survey of 101 eighth‑semester students across four departments was employed to measure expectations, experiences with AI tools, and perceptions of implementation during the academic year 2025/2026. Results show generally positive attitudes: students reported previous use and good experiences. However, students also reported challenges such as technical/infrastructural issues and insufficient institutional training/support. The present study concludes with recommendations to bridge the gap between expectation and reality.