Enhancing English Language Learning through Artificial Intelligence: A Practical Framework for Improving Writing Accuracy, Feedback Quality, and Learner Autonomy

Abstract

Writing in English is challenging for many adult learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Errors in grammar and style persist, and traditional teacher feedback often comes with delays. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers new possibilities to enhance writing instruction by providing immediate, personalized feedback. This paper presents a practical framework for integrating AI into EFL writing pedagogy to improve writing accuracy, feedback quality, and learner autonomy. The framework combines AI-driven tools for instant corrective feedback with guided revision and teacher support. A mixed-method evaluation was conducted with adult EFL learners globally to assess the framework’s effectiveness. Quantitative results show that learners who received AI-assisted feedback achieved higher grammatical accuracy and made more revisions to their writing than those with only teacher or no feedback. The AI-supported group’s writing improved not only in error reduction but also in content organization and coherence, while their autonomy scores (self-directed learning measures) increased significantly. Qualitative feedback from learners indicates reduced anxiety, greater confidence, and a preference for a blended feedback approach. These findings suggest that carefully deployed AI tools can act as effective “digital writing coaches,” improving the precision of writing and empowering learners to take more control of their learning. The paper discusses pedagogical implications, such as the need for teacher moderation and strategies to prevent overreliance on AI.