Plastic Waste Management in the Cities of Tripoli and Bani Walid: A Comparative Study of Waste Reduction and Recycling Policies and Their Impact on the Environment and Public Health

Abstract

This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of the plastic waste management system in the cities of Tripoli and Bani Walid, and to assess the impact of the disposal policies implemented on environmental sustainability and public health. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach, using questionnaires, interviews, and field observation as data collection tools from a structured sample of 200 individuals, 100 from each city The data were then statistically analyzed using percentages, arithmetic means, and variance tests.

The study's findings revealed that Tripoli possesses a relatively better organizational structure and logistical capabilities, along with greater opportunities for sorting operations. However, the system's efficiency remains constrained by high population density and increasing daily birth rates. Conversely, the results showed that Bani Walid suffers from severe logistical weaknesses and a lack of collection points, leading to an exacerbation of open dumping and burning, and increased environmental pollution in areas adjacent to residential communities. The study also demonstrated a direct correlation between poor management efficiency and escalating health risks, particularly respiratory and skin diseases resulting from unsafe disposal. The study concluded with a set of recommendations, most notably: the necessity of activating source separation mechanisms, strengthening partnerships with the private sector to develop infrastructure for recycling projects, and imposing strict legal controls to curb indiscriminate burning. It also recommended intensifying environmental awareness campaigns and training personnel working in the public services sector to ensure the transition towards an integrated and sustainable plastic waste management model.