Political and Administrative Systems in the Almoravid and Almohad States (448-668 AH / 1056-1269 AD): A Comparative Analytical Historical Study

Abstract

This research examines the political and administrative systems of the Almoravid and Almohad states through a comparative historical and analytical approach. It explores the foundations of government, sources of political legitimacy, rulers’ titles, succession, ministries, chambers, administrative bureaus, and provincial administration.

The study concludes that both states originated as religious movements supported by tribal and military forces. However, the Almoravids maintained symbolic allegiance to the Abbasid Caliphate, whereas the Almohads established an independent caliphate. The Almohad system was more centralized and institutionally developed, although it retained some practices inherited from the Almoravids. The findings also show that effective political and administrative organization contributed to the expansion and stability of both states, while succession disputes and administrative weakness contributed to their decline.