The Role of the United Nations in Resolving the Libyan Crisis After 2011: An Analytical and Evaluative Study

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the role of the United Nations in efforts to resolve the Libyan crisis since 2011. It does so by analyzing the opinions and assessments of 350 participants, including academics, political experts, humanitarian workers, and members of Libyan civil society. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing a validated and reliable questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.89). Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 26. The results showed a moderate decline in the perceived effectiveness of UN mediation (mean = 2.84 out of 5), with statistically significant differences based on demographic variables and professional background. Linear regression models indicated that "UN neutrality" and "regional coordination" were the strongest predictors of the variance in assessments (R² = 0.61, p < 0.01). The study concluded that the UN's role remained partially effective institutionally and diplomatically, but was hampered by conflicting regional interests, weak implementation mechanisms, and insufficient engagement at the local level. The study recommended enhancing transparency in mediation processes, building the capacity of Libyan institutions, and adopting a hybrid approach combining political mediation with local development.